PAPER 64
THE EVOLUTIONARY RACES OF COLOR
64:0.1 THIS is the story of the evolutionary races
of Urantia from the days of Andon and Fonta, almost one million years ago,
down through the times of the Planetary Prince to the end of the ice
age.
64:0.2 The human race is almost one million years
old, and the first half of its story roughly corresponds to the pre-Planetary
Prince days of Urantia. The latter half of the history of mankind begins at
the time of the arrival of the Planetary Prince and the appearance of the six
colored races and roughly corresponds to the period commonly regarded as the
Old Stone Age.
1. THE ANDONIC ABORIGINES
64:1.1 Primitive man made his evolutionary
appearance on earth a little less than one million years ago, and he had a
vigorous experience. He instinctively sought to escape the danger of mingling
with the inferior simian tribes. But he could not migrate eastward because of
the arid Tibetan land elevations, 30,000 feet above sea level; neither could
he go south nor west because of the expanded Mediterranean Sea, which then
extended eastward to the Indian Ocean; and as he went north, he encountered
the advancing ice. But even when further migration was blocked by the ice, and
though the dispersing tribes became increasingly hostile, the more intelligent
groups never entertained the idea of going southward to live among their hairy
tree-dwelling cousins of inferior intellect.
64:1.2 Many of man's earliest religious emotions
grew out of his feeling of helplessness in the shut-in environment of this
geographic situation -- mountains to the right, water to the left, and ice in
front. But these progressive Andonites would not turn back to their inferior
tree-dwelling relatives in the south.
64:1.3 These Andonites avoided the forests in
contrast with the habits of their nonhuman relatives. In the forests man has
always deteriorated; human evolution has made progress only in the open and in
the higher latitudes. The cold and hunger of the open lands stimulate action,
invention, and resourcefulness. While these Andonic tribes were developing the
pioneers of the present human race amidst the hardships and privations of
these rugged northern climes, their backward cousins were luxuriating in the
southern tropical forests of the land of their early common origin.
64:1.4 These events occurred during the times of the
third glacier, the first according to the reckoning of geologists. The first
two glaciers were not extensive in northern Europe.
64:1.5 During most of the ice age England was
connected by land with France, while later on Africa was joined to Europe by
the Sicilian land bridge. At the time of the Andonic migrations there was a
continuous land path from England in the west on through Europe and Asia to
Java in the east; but Australia was again isolated, which further accentuated
the development of its own peculiar fauna.
64:1.6 950,000 years ago the descendants of
Andon and Fonta had migrated far to the east and to the west. To the west they
passed over Europe to France and England. In later times they penetrated
eastward as far as Java, where their bones were so recently found -- the
so-called Java man -- and then journeyed on to Tasmania.
64:1.7 The groups going west became less
contaminated with the backward stocks of mutual ancestral origin than those
going east, who mingled so freely with their retarded animal cousins. These
unprogressive individuals drifted southward and presently mated with the
inferior tribes. Later on, increasing numbers of their mongrel descendants
returned to the north to mate with the rapidly expanding Andonic peoples, and
such unfortunate unions unfailingly deteriorated the superior stock. Fewer and
fewer of the primitive settlements maintained the worship of the Breath Giver.
This early dawn civilization was threatened with extinction.
64:1.8 And thus it has ever been on Urantia.
Civilizations of great promise have successively deteriorated and have finally
been extinguished by the folly of allowing the superior freely to procreate
with the inferior.
2. THE FOXHALL PEOPLES
64:2.1 900,000 years ago the arts of Andon
and Fonta and the culture of Onagar were vanishing from the face of the earth;
culture, religion, and even flintworking were at their lowest ebb.
64:2.2 These were the times when large numbers of
inferior mongrel groups were arriving in England from southern France. These
tribes were so largely mixed with the forest apelike creatures that they were
scarcely human. They had no religion but were crude flintworkers and possessed
sufficient intelligence to kindle fire.
64:2.3 They were followed in Europe by a somewhat
superior and prolific people, whose descendants soon spread over the entire
continent from the ice in the north to the Alps and Mediterranean in the
south. These tribes are the so-called Heidelberg race.
64:2.4 During this long period of cultural decadence
the Foxhall peoples of England and the Badonan tribes northwest of India
continued to hold on to some of the traditions of Andon and certain remnants
of the culture of Onagar.
64:2.5 The Foxhall peoples were farthest west and
succeeded in retaining much of the Andonic culture; they also preserved their
knowledge of flintworking, which they transmitted to their descendants, the
ancient ancestors of the Eskimos.
64:2.6 Though the remains of the Foxhall peoples
were the last to be discovered in England, these Andonites were really the
first human beings to live in those regions. At that time the land bridge
still connected France with England; and since most of the early settlements
of the Andon descendants were located along the rivers and seashores of that
early day, they are now under the waters of the English Channel and the North
Sea, but some three or four are still above water on the English
coast.
64:2.7 Many of the more intelligent and spiritual of
the Foxhall peoples maintained their racial superiority and perpetuated their
primitive religious customs. And these people, as they were later admixed with
subsequent stocks, journeyed on west from England after a later ice visitation
and have survived as the present-day Eskimos.
3. THE BADONAN TRIBES
64:3.1 Besides the Foxhall peoples in the west,
another struggling center of culture persisted in the east. This group was
located in the foothills of the northwestern Indian highlands among the tribes
of Badonan, a great-great-grandson of Andon. These people were the only
descendants of Andon who never practiced human sacrifice.
64:3.2 These highland Badonites occupied an
extensive plateau surrounded by forests, traversed by streams, and abounding
in game. Like some of their cousins in Tibet, they lived in crude stone huts,
hillside grottoes, and semiunderground passages.
64:3.3 While the tribes of the north grew more and
more to fear the ice, those living near the homeland of their origin became
exceedingly fearful of the water. They observed the Mesopotamian peninsula
gradually sinking into the ocean, and though it emerged several times, the
traditions of these primitive races grew up around the dangers of the sea and
the fear of periodic engulfment. And this fear, together with their experience
with river floods, explains why they sought out the highlands as a safe place
in which to live.
64:3.4 To the east of the Badonan peoples, in the
Siwalik Hills of northern India, may be found fossils that approach nearer to
transition types between man and the various prehuman groups than any others
on earth.
64:3.5 850,000 years ago the superior Badonan
tribes began a warfare of extermination directed against their inferior and
animalistic neighbors. In less than one thousand years most of the borderland
animal groups of these regions had been either destroyed or driven back to the
southern forests. This campaign for the extermination of inferiors brought
about a slight improvement in the hill tribes of that age. And the mixed
descendants of this improved Badonite stock appeared on the stage of action as
an apparently new people -- the Neanderthal race.
4. THE NEANDERTHAL RACES
64:4.1 The Neanderthalers were excellent fighters,
and they traveled extensively. They gradually spread from the highland centers
in northwest India to France on the west, China on the east, and even down
into northern Africa. They dominated the world for almost half a million years
until the times of the migration of the evolutionary races of color.
64:4.2 800,000 years ago game was abundant;
many species of deer, as well as elephants and hippopotamuses, roamed over
Europe. Cattle were plentiful; horses and wolves were everywhere. The
Neanderthalers were great hunters, and the tribes in France were the first to
adopt the practice of giving the most successful hunters the choice of women
for wives.
64:4.3 The reindeer was highly useful to these
Neanderthal peoples, serving as food, clothing, and for tools, since they made
various uses of the horns and bones. They had little culture, but they greatly
improved the work in flint until it almost reached the levels of the days of
Andon. Large flints attached to wooden handles came back into use and served
as axes and picks.
64:4.4 750,000 years ago the fourth ice sheet
was well on its way south. With their improved implements the Neanderthalers
made holes in the ice covering the northern rivers and thus were able to spear
the fish which came up to these vents. Ever these tribes retreated before the
advancing ice, which at this time made its most extensive invasion of
Europe.
64:4.5 In these times the Siberian glacier was
making its southernmost march, compelling early man to move southward, back
toward the lands of his origin. But the human species had so differentiated
that the danger of further mingling with its nonprogressive simian relatives
was greatly lessened.
64:4.6 700,000 years ago the fourth glacier,
the greatest of all in Europe, was in recession; men and animals were
returning north. The climate was cool and moist, and primitive man again
thrived in Europe and western Asia. Gradually the forests spread north over
land which had been so recently covered by the glacier.
64:4.7 Mammalian life had been little changed by the
great glacier. These animals persisted in that narrow belt of land lying
between the ice and the Alps and, upon the retreat of the glacier, again
rapidly spread out over all Europe. There arrived from Africa, over the
Sicilian land bridge, straight-tusked elephants, broad-nosed rhinoceroses,
hyenas, and African lions, and these new animals virtually exterminated the
saber-toothed tigers and the hippopotamuses.
64:4.8 650,000 years ago witnessed the
continuation of the mild climate. By the middle of the interglacial period it
had become so warm that the Alps were almost denuded of ice and snow.
64:4.9 600,000 years ago the ice had reached
its then northernmost point of retreat and, after a pause of a few thousand
years, started south again on its fifth excursion. But there was little
modification of climate for fifty thousand years. Man and the animals of
Europe were little changed. The slight aridity of the former period lessened,
and the alpine glaciers descended far down the river valleys.
64:4.10 550,000 years ago the advancing
glacier again pushed man and the animals south. But this time man had plenty
of room in the wide belt of land stretching northeast into Asia and lying
between the ice sheet and the then greatly expanded Black Sea extension of the
Mediterranean.
64:4.11 These times of the fourth and fifth glaciers
witnessed the further spread of the crude culture of the Neanderthal races.
But there was so little progress that it truly appeared as though the attempt
to produce a new and modified type of intelligent life on Urantia was about to
fail. For almost a quarter of a million years these primitive peoples drifted
on, hunting and fighting, by spells improving in certain directions, but, on
the whole, steadily retrogressing as compared with their superior Andonic
ancestors.
64:4.12 During these spiritually dark ages the
culture of superstitious mankind reached its lowest levels. The Neanderthalers
really had no religion beyond a shameful superstition. They were deathly
afraid of clouds, more especially of mists and fogs. A primitive religion of
the fear of natural forces gradually developed, while animal worship declined
as improvement in tools, with abundance of game, enabled these people to live
with lessened anxiety about food; the sex rewards of the chase tended greatly
to improve hunting skill. This new religion of fear led to attempts to placate
the invisible forces behind these natural elements and culminated, later on,
in the sacrificing of humans to appease these invisible and unknown physical
forces. And this terrible practice of human sacrifice has been perpetuated by
the more backward peoples of Urantia right on down to the twentieth
century.
64:4.13 These early Neanderthalers could hardly be
called sun worshipers. They rather lived in fear of the dark; they had a
mortal dread of nightfall. As long as the moon shone a little, they managed to
get along, but in the dark of the moon they grew panicky and began the
sacrifice of their best specimens of manhood and womanhood in an effort to
induce the moon again to shine. The sun, they early learned, would regularly
return, but the moon they conjectured only returned because they sacrificed
their fellow tribesmen. As the race advanced, the object and purpose of
sacrifice progressively changed, but the offering of human sacrifice as a part
of religious ceremonial long persisted.
5. ORIGIN OF THE COLORED RACES
64:5.1 500,000 years ago the Badonan tribes
of the northwestern highlands of India became involved in another great racial
struggle. For more than one hundred years this relentless warfare raged, and
when the long fight was finished, only about one hundred families were left.
But these survivors were the most intelligent and desirable of all the then
living descendants of Andon and Fonta.
64:5.2 And now, among these highland Badonites there
was a new and strange occurrence. A man and woman living in the northeastern
part of the then inhabited highland region began suddenly to produce a
family of unusually intelligent children. This was the Sangik family,
the ancestors of all of the six colored races of Urantia.
64:5.3 These Sangik children, nineteen in number,
were not only intelligent above their fellows, but their skins manifested a
unique tendency to turn various colors upon exposure to sunlight. Among these
nineteen children were five red, two orange, four yellow, two green, four
blue, and two indigo. These colors became more pronounced as the children grew
older, and when these youths later mated with their fellow tribesmen, all of
their offspring tended toward the skin color of the Sangik parent.
64:5.4 And now I interrupt the chronological
narrative, after calling attention to the arrival of the Planetary Prince at
about this time, while we separately consider the six Sangik races of
Urantia.
6. THE SIX SANGIK RACES OF URANTIA
64:6.1 On an average evolutionary planet the six
evolutionary races of color appear one by one; the red man is the first to
evolve, and for ages he roams the world before the succeeding colored races
make their appearance. The simultaneous emergence of all six races on Urantia,
and in one family, was most unusual.
64:6.2 The appearance of the earlier Andonites on
Urantia was also something new in Satania. On no other world in the local
system has such a race of will creatures evolved in advance of the
evolutionary races of color.
64:6.3 1. The red man. These peoples were
remarkable specimens of the human race, in many ways superior to Andon and
Fonta. They were a most intelligent group and were the first of the Sangik
children to develop a tribal civilization and government. They were always
monogamous; even their mixed descendants seldom practiced plural
mating.
64:6.4 In later times they had serious and prolonged
trouble with their yellow brethren in Asia. They were aided by their early
invention of the bow and arrow, but they had unfortunately inherited much of
the tendency of their ancestors to fight among themselves, and this so
weakened them that the yellow tribes were able to drive them off the Asiatic
continent.
64:6.5 About eighty-five thousand years ago the
comparatively pure remnants of the red race went en masse across to North
America, and shortly thereafter the Bering land isthmus sank, thus isolating
them. No red man ever returned to Asia. But throughout Siberia, China, central
Asia, India, and Europe they left behind much of their stock blended with the
other colored races.
64:6.6 When the red man crossed over into America,
he brought along much of the teachings and traditions of his early origin. His
immediate ancestors had been in touch with the later activities of the world
headquarters of the Planetary Prince. But in a short time after reaching the
Americas, the red men began to lose sight of these teachings, and there
occurred a great decline in intellectual and spiritual culture. Very soon
these people again fell to fighting so fiercely among themselves that it
appeared that these tribal wars would result in the speedy extinction of this
remnant of the comparatively pure red race.
64:6.7 Because of this great retrogression the red
men seemed doomed when, about sixty-five thousand years ago, Onamonalonton
appeared as their leader and spiritual deliverer. He brought temporary peace
among the American red men and revived their worship of the "Great Spirit."
Onamonalonton lived to be ninety-six years of age and maintained his
headquarters among the great redwood trees of California. Many of his later
descendants have come down to modern times among the Blackfoot
Indians.
64:6.8 As time passed, the teachings of
Onamonalonton became hazy traditions. Internecine wars were resumed, and never
after the days of this great teacher did another leader succeed in bringing
universal peace among them. Increasingly the more intelligent strains perished
in these tribal struggles; otherwise a great civilization would have been
built upon the North American continent by these able and intelligent red
men.
64:6.9 After crossing over to America from China,
the northern red man never again came in contact with other world influences
(except the Eskimo) until he was later discovered by the white man. It was
most unfortunate that the red man almost completely missed his opportunity of
being upstepped by the admixture of the later Adamic stock. As it was, the red
man could not rule the white man, and he would not willingly serve him. In
such a circumstance, if the two races do not blend, one or the other is
doomed.
64:6.10 2. The orange man. The outstanding
characteristic of this race was their peculiar urge to build, to build
anything and everything, even to the piling up of vast mounds of stone just to
see which tribe could build the largest mound. Though they were not a
progressive people, they profited much from the schools of the Prince and sent
delegates there for instruction.
64:6.11 The orange race was the first to follow the
coast line southward toward Africa as the Mediterranean Sea withdrew to the
west. But they never secured a favorable footing in Africa and were wiped out
of existence by the later arriving green race.
64:6.12 Before the end came, this people lost much
cultural and spiritual ground. But there was a great revival of higher living
as a result of the wise leadership of Porshunta, the master mind of this
unfortunate race, who ministered to them when their headquarters was at
Armageddon some three hundred thousand years ago.
64:6.13 The last great struggle between the orange
and the green men occurred in the region of the lower Nile valley in Egypt.
This long-drawn-out battle was waged for almost one hundred years, and at its
close very few of the orange race were left alive. The shattered remnants of
these people were absorbed by the green and by the later arriving indigo men.
But as a race the orange man ceased to exist about one hundred thousand years
ago.
64:6.14 3. The yellow man. The primitive
yellow tribes were the first to abandon the chase, establish settled
communities, and develop a home life based on agriculture. Intellectually they
were somewhat inferior to the red man, but socially and collectively they
proved themselves superior to all of the Sangik peoples in the matter of
fostering racial civilization. Because they developed a fraternal spirit, the
various tribes learning to live together in relative peace, they were able to
drive the red race before them as they gradually expanded into
Asia.
64:6.15 They traveled far from the influences of the
spiritual headquarters of the world and drifted into great darkness following
the Caligastia apostasy; but there occurred one brilliant age among this
people when Singlangton, about one hundred thousand years ago, assumed the
leadership of these tribes and proclaimed the worship of the "One
Truth."
64:6.16 The survival of comparatively large numbers
of the yellow race is due to their intertribal peacefulness. From the days of
Singlangton to the times of modern China, the yellow race has been numbered
among the more peaceful of the nations of Urantia. This race received a small
but potent legacy of the later imported Adamic stock.
64:6.17 4. The green man. The green race was
one of the less able groups of primitive men, and they were greatly weakened
by extensive migrations in different directions. Before their dispersion these
tribes experienced a great revival of culture under the leadership of Fantad,
some three hundred and fifty thousand years ago.
64:6.18 The green race split into three major
divisions: The northern tribes were subdued, enslaved, and absorbed by the
yellow and blue races. The eastern group were amalgamated with the Indian
peoples of those days, and remnants still persist among them. The southern
nation entered Africa, where they destroyed their almost equally inferior
orange cousins.
64:6.19 In many ways both groups were evenly matched
in this struggle since each carried strains of the giant order, many of their
leaders being eight and nine feet in height. These giant strains of the green
man were mostly confined to this southern or Egyptian nation.
64:6.20 The remnants of the victorious green men
were subsequently absorbed by the indigo race, the last of the colored peoples
to develop and emigrate from the original Sangik center of race
dispersion.
64:6.21 5. The blue man. The blue men were a
great people. They early invented the spear and subsequently worked out the
rudiments of many of the arts of modern civilization. The blue man had the
brain power of the red man associated with the soul and sentiment of the
yellow man. The Adamic descendants preferred them to all of the later
persisting colored races.
64:6.22 The early blue men were responsive to the
persuasions of the teachers of Prince Caligastia's staff and were thrown into
great confusion by the subsequent perverted teachings of those traitorous
leaders. Like other primitive races they never fully recovered from the
turmoil produced by the Caligastia betrayal, nor did they ever completely
overcome their tendency to fight among themselves.
64:6.23 About five hundred years after Caligastia's
downfall a widespread revival of learning and religion of a primitive sort --
but none the less real and beneficial -- occurred. Orlandof became a great
teacher among the blue race and led many of the tribes back to the worship of
the true God under the name of the "Supreme Chief." This was the greatest
advance of the blue man until those later times when this race was so greatly
upstepped by the admixture of the Adamic stock.
64:6.24 The European researches and explorations of
the Old Stone Age have largely to do with unearthing the tools, bones, and
artcraft of these ancient blue men, for they persisted in Europe until recent
times. The so-called white races of Urantia are the descendants of
these blue men as they were first modified by slight mixture with yellow and
red, and as they were later greatly upstepped by assimilating the greater
portion of the violet race.
64:6.25 6. The indigo race. As the red men
were the most advanced of all the Sangik peoples, so the black men were the
least progressive. They were the last to migrate from their highland homes.
They journeyed to Africa, taking possession of the continent, and have ever
since remained there except when they have been forcibly taken away, from age
to age, as slaves.
64:6.26 Isolated in Africa, the indigo peoples, like
the red man, received little or none of the race elevation which would have
been derived from the infusion of the Adamic stock. Alone in Africa, the
indigo race made little advancement until the days of Orvonon, when they
experienced a great spiritual awakening. While they later almost entirely
forgot the "God of Gods" proclaimed by Orvonon, they did not entirely lose the
desire to worship the Unknown; at least they maintained a form of worship up
to a few thousand years ago.
64:6.27 Notwithstanding their backwardness, these
indigo peoples have exactly the same standing before the celestial powers as
any other earthly race.
64:6.28 These were ages of intense struggles between
the various races, but near the headquarters of the Planetary Prince the more
enlightened and more recently taught groups lived together in comparative
harmony, though no great cultural conquest of the world races had been
achieved up to the time of the serious disruption of this regime by the
outbreak of the Lucifer rebellion.
64:6.29 From time to time all of these different
peoples experienced cultural and spiritual revivals. Mansant was a great
teacher of the post-Planetary Prince days. But mention is made only of those
outstanding leaders and teachers who markedly influenced and inspired a whole
race. With the passing of time, many lesser teachers arose in different
regions; and in the aggregate they contributed much to the sum total of those
saving influences which prevented the total collapse of cultural civilization,
especially during the long and dark ages between the Caligastia rebellion and
the arrival of Adam.
64:6.30 There are many good and sufficient reasons
for the plan of evolving either three or six colored races on the worlds of
space. Though Urantia mortals may not be in a position fully to appreciate all
of these reasons, we would call attention to the following:
64:6.31 1. Variety is indispensable to opportunity
for the wide functioning of natural selection, differential survival of
superior strains.
64:6.32 2. Stronger and better races are to be had
from the interbreeding of diverse peoples when these different races are
carriers of superior inheritance factors. And the Urantia races would have
benefited by such an early amalgamation provided such a conjoint people could
have been subsequently effectively upstepped by a thoroughgoing admixture with
the superior Adamic stock. The attempt to execute such an experiment on
Urantia under present racial conditions would be highly disastrous.
64:6.33 3. Competition is healthfully stimulated by
diversification of races.
64:6.34 4. Differences in status of the races and of
groups within each race are essential to the development of human tolerance
and altruism.
64:6.35 5. Homogeneity of the human race is not
desirable until the peoples of an evolving world attain comparatively high
levels of spiritual development.
7. DISPERSION OF THE COLORED RACES
64:7.1 When the colored descendants of the Sangik
family began to multiply, and as they sought opportunity for expansion into
adjacent territory, the fifth glacier, the third of geologic count, was well
advanced on its southern drift over Europe and Asia. These early colored races
were extraordinarily tested by the rigors and hardships of the glacial age of
their origin. This glacier was so extensive in Asia that for thousands of
years migration to eastern Asia was cut off. And not until the later retreat
of the Mediterranean Sea, consequent upon the elevation of Arabia, was it
possible for them to reach Africa.
64:7.2 Thus it was that for almost one hundred
thousand years these Sangik peoples spread out around the foothills and
mingled together more or less, notwithstanding the peculiar but natural
antipathy which early manifested itself between the different
races.
64:7.3 Between the times of the Planetary Prince and
Adam, India became the home of the most cosmopolitan population ever to be
found on the face of the earth. But it was unfortunate that this mixture came
to contain so much of the green, orange, and indigo races. These secondary
Sangik peoples found existence more easy and agreeable in the southlands, and
many of them subsequently migrated to Africa. The primary Sangik peoples, the
superior races, avoided the tropics, the red man going northeast to Asia,
closely followed by the yellow man, while the blue race moved northwest into
Europe.
64:7.4 The red men early began to migrate to the
northeast, on the heels of the retreating ice, passing around the highlands of
India and occupying all of northeastern Asia. They were closely followed by
the yellow tribes, who subsequently drove them out of Asia into North
America.
64:7.5 When the relatively pure-line remnants of the
red race forsook Asia, there were eleven tribes, and they numbered a little
over seven thousand men, women, and children. These tribes were accompanied by
three small groups of mixed ancestry, the largest of these being a combination
of the orange and blue races. These three groups never fully fraternized with
the red man and early journeyed southward to Mexico and Central America, where
they were later joined by a small group of mixed yellows and reds. These
peoples all intermarried and founded a new and amalgamated race, one which was
much less warlike than the pure-line red men. Within five thousand years this
amalgamated race broke up into three groups, establishing the civilizations
respectively of Mexico, Central America, and South America. The South American
offshoot did receive a faint touch of the blood of Adam.
64:7.6 To a certain extent the early red and yellow
men mingled in Asia, and the offspring of this union journeyed on to the east
and along the southern seacoast and, eventually, were driven by the rapidly
increasing yellow race onto the peninsulas and near-by islands of the sea.
They are the present-day brown men.
64:7.7 The yellow race has continued to occupy the
central regions of eastern Asia. Of all the six colored races they have
survived in greatest numbers. While the yellow men now and then engaged in
racial war, they did not carry on such incessant and relentless wars of
extermination as were waged by the red, green, and orange men. These three
races virtually destroyed themselves before they were finally all but
annihilated by their enemies of other races.
64:7.8 Since the fifth glacier did not extend so far
south in Europe, the way was partially open for these Sangik peoples to
migrate to the northwest; and upon the retreat of the ice the blue men,
together with a few other small racial groups, migrated westward along the old
trails of the Andon tribes. They invaded Europe in successive waves, occupying
most of the continent.
64:7.9 In Europe they soon encountered the
Neanderthal descendants of their early and common ancestor, Andon. These older
European Neanderthalers had been driven south and east by the glacier and thus
were in position quickly to encounter and absorb their invading cousins of the
Sangik tribes.
64:7.10 In general and to start with, the Sangik
tribes were more intelligent than, and in most ways far superior to, the
deteriorated descendants of the early Andonic plainsmen; and the mingling of
these Sangik tribes with the Neanderthal peoples led to the immediate
improvement of the older race. It was this infusion of Sangik blood, more
especially that of the blue man, which produced that marked improvement in the
Neanderthal peoples exhibited by the successive waves of increasingly
intelligent tribes that swept over Europe from the east.
64:7.11 During the following interglacial period
this new Neanderthal race extended from England to India. The remnant of the
blue race left in the old Persian peninsula later amalgamated with certain
others, primarily the yellow; and the resultant blend, subsequently somewhat
upstepped by the violet race of Adam, has persisted as the swarthy nomadic
tribes of modern Arabs.
64:7.12 All efforts to identify the Sangik ancestry
of modern peoples must take into account the later improvement of the racial
strains by the subsequent admixture of Adamic blood.
64:7.13 The superior races sought the northern or
temperate climes, while the orange, green, and indigo races successively
gravitated to Africa over the newly elevated land bridge which separated the
westward retreating Mediterranean from the Indian Ocean.
64:7.14 The last of the Sangik peoples to migrate
from their center of race origin was the indigo man. About the time the green
man was killing off the orange race in Egypt and greatly weakening himself in
so doing, the great black exodus started south through Palestine along the
coast; and later, when these physically strong indigo peoples overran Egypt,
they wiped the green man out of existence by sheer force of numbers. These
indigo races absorbed the remnants of the orange man and much of the stock of
the green man, and certain of the indigo tribes were considerably improved by
this racial amalgamation.
64:7.15 And so it appears that Egypt was first
dominated by the orange man, then by the green, followed by the indigo (black)
man, and still later by a mongrel race of indigo, blue, and modified green
men. But long before Adam arrived, the blue men of Europe and the mixed races
of Arabia had driven the indigo race out of Egypt and far south on the African
continent.
64:7.16 As the Sangik migrations draw to a close,
the green and orange races are gone, the red man holds North America, the
yellow man eastern Asia, the blue man Europe, and the indigo race has
gravitated to Africa. India harbors a blend of the secondary Sangik races, and
the brown man, a blend of the red and yellow, holds the islands off the
Asiatic coast. An amalgamated race of rather superior potential occupies the
highlands of South America. The purer Andonites live in the extreme northern
regions of Europe and in Iceland, Greenland, and northeastern North America.
64:7.17 During the periods of farthest glacial
advance the westernmost of the Andon tribes came very near being driven into
the sea. They lived for years on a narrow southern strip of the present island
of England. And it was the tradition of these repeated glacial advances that
drove them to take to the sea when the sixth and last glacier finally
appeared. They were the first marine adventurers. They built boats and started
in search of new lands which they hoped might be free from the terrifying ice
invasions. And some of them reached Iceland, others Greenland, but the vast
majority perished from hunger and thirst on the open sea.
64:7.18 A little more than eighty thousand years
ago, shortly after the red man entered northwestern North America, the
freezing over of the north seas and the advance of local ice fields on
Greenland drove these Eskimo descendants of the Urantia aborigines to seek a
better land, a new home; and they were successful, safely crossing the narrow
straits which then separated Greenland from the northeastern land masses of
North America. They reached the continent about twenty-one hundred years after
the red man arrived in Alaska. Subsequently some of the mixed stock of the
blue man journeyed westward and amalgamated with the later-day Eskimos, and
this union was slightly beneficial to the Eskimo tribes.
64:7.19 About five thousand years ago a chance
meeting occurred between an Indian tribe and a lone Eskimo group on the
southeastern shores of Hudson Bay. These two tribes found it difficult to
communicate with each other, but very soon they intermarried with the result
that these Eskimos were eventually absorbed by the more numerous red men. And
this represents the only contact of the North American red man with any other
human stock down to about one thousand years ago, when the white man first
chanced to land on the Atlantic coast.
64:7.20 The struggles of these early ages were
characterized by courage, bravery, and even heroism. And we all regret that so
many of those sterling and rugged traits of your early ancestors have been
lost to the later-day races. While we appreciate the value of many of the
refinements of advancing civilization, we miss the magnificent persistency and
superb devotion of your early ancestors, which oftentimes bordered on grandeur
and sublimity.
64:7.21 Presented
by a Life Carrier resident on Urantia.
